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Scientists' warning of threats to mountains

Mountain ecosystems are complex, dynamic and exceptionally fragile. We are only beginning to understand the functional ecology of mountain ecosystems, but international research already suggests that changing species communities will be detrimental to the environment, to biodiversity and therefore to a critical part of Earth’s life-support system. 

In this Scientists' warning, we outline major threats to mountains, which are particularly sensitive to global change. For example, climate change is modifying and will continue to modify the occurrence of extreme events, the amount of precipitations (rain and snow), as well as freeze and thaw cycles, with impacts on the onset of snow melt (and thus length of growing season) and water temperatures, aggravating impacts from inappropriate land use practices. Global change with all the different pressures outlined above causes imbalances in the functioning of mountain ecosystems, which lead to changes in vital biological, biochemical, and chemical processes, critically reducing ecosystem health with repercussions for animal and human health. 

Because mountain biodiversity is the basis for ecosystem functioning and the provision of ecosystem services, changes in mountains will have far reaching impacts for the human society. We therefore call for urgent consideration of mountain ecosystems and their protection in local, regional and global conservation legislation. 

To reinforce our message, we kindly invite you to sign the article "Scientists' warning of threats to mountains".

The link to the cosigning form is:

https://forms.gle/mTuo97Nk4kDate7e6

The Royal Society Publishing - Photography Competition finalist 2024

Each spring, shortly after the snow starts to melt in mountain  areas starts the migration of the European toad (Bufo bufo)  to  the breeding sites with sufficient water for egg-laying and tadpole development, such as ponds, lakes, or temporary rain-filled pools. 

At a 1050 m reservoir in Romania's Retezat National Park, an intense breeding frenzy was observed, with numerous toads gathering to mate. The male-dominated sex ratio generates fierce competition, with several males piling onto single females, forming chaotic clusters of toads and egg strings all over the place. An interesting fact has been observed in the area, where males of another toad species, the European green toad (Bufotes viridis) participated in the breeding activity. Although hybrid toadlets can sometimes metamorphose, the offspring are not viable. The spread of the green toad in the area is recent, possibly driven by climate change and by the new man-made habitats around the dam.

This interaction is depicted in the image below, showing a less visible European green toad as the second toad on top of the pile.

Behaviour runner-up 'Breeding frenzy' by Ovidiu Drăgan. 

Our team member Ovidiu Drăgan is the The Royal Society's Photography Competition finalist and behaviour runner-up in 2024. You may read more details about the competition online at https://royalsociety.org/journals/publishing-activities/photo-competition/2024-winners-runners-up/.

Photo exhibit

The team organized a photographic exhibition to present the project activities and disseminate the results to the public and academic community. Below you may find a small selection of the photos showcased in the hallway of one of the main building of Ovidius University of Constanța.

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